Sprinklr, Inc. Annual report pursuant to Section 13 and 15(d)

Annual report pursuant to Section 13 and 15(d)

Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Jan. 31, 2022

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) and include the consolidated accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. The Company has made certain reclassifications of prior year balances to conform to current fiscal year presentation.

Immaterial Corrections to Prior Periods

In the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2022, the Company identified immaterial corrections to prior periods related to capitalized costs to obtain customer contracts in connection with the adoption of ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers and the ongoing monitoring of costs to obtain customer contracts considered for capitalization. The Company has evaluated the effects of these corrections on the previously issued consolidated financial statements, individually and in the aggregate, in accordance with the guidance in ASC Topic 250, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections, ASC Topic 250-10-S99-1, Assessing Materiality, and ASC Topic 250-10-S99-2, Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements. Although the Company has concluded such corrections to be immaterial to its previously issued financial statements, the cumulative effect would be material if corrected in the current year. Accordingly, the Company has revised the consolidated financial statements for the prior periods presented herein.

A summary of the effect of the corrections on the consolidated balance sheet as of January 31, 2021 is as follows (in thousands):


	January 31, 2021
	As reported		Corrections		As Adjusted
Assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	95,819	$	5,277	$	101,096
Total current assets	492,786		5,277		498,063
Other non-current assets	36,669		5,843		42,512
Total assets	$	585,893	$	11,120	$	597,013
Stockholders' deficit
Accumulated deficit	(341,280)		11,120		(330,160)
Total stockholders' deficit	182,733		11,120		193,853
Total liabilities and stockholders' deficit	$	585,893	$	11,120	$	597,013

A summary of the effect of the corrections on the consolidated statements of operations for the years ended January 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in thousands, except per share data):


	Year Ended January 31,
	2021						2020
	As reported		Corrections		As Adjusted		As reported		Corrections		As Adjusted
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing	$	189,011	$	(3,214)	$	185,797	$	163,360	$	634	$	163,994
Total operating expenses	293,639		(3,214)		290,425		236,012		634		236,646
Operating loss	(28,791)		3,214		(25,577)		(34,895)		(634)		(35,529)
Loss before provision for income taxes	(37,407)		3,214		(34,193)		(35,822)		(634)		(36,456)
Net loss	(41,184)		3,214		(37,970)		(39,147)		(634)		(39,781)
Net loss attributable to Sprinklr	(41,184)		3,214		(37,970)		(39,120)		(634)		(39,754)
Net loss attributable to Sprinklr common stockholders	$	(41,784)	$	3,214	$	(38,570)	$	(39,120)	$	(634)	$	(39,754)
Net loss per share attributable to Class A and Class B stockholders, basic and diluted	$	(0.46)	$	0.04	$	(0.42)	$	(0.46)	$	(0.01)	$	(0.47)

A summary of the effect of the corrections on the consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended January 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in thousands):


	Year Ended January 31,
	2021						2020
	As reported		Corrections		As Adjusted		As reported		Corrections		As Adjusted
Net loss attributable to Sprinklr	$	(41,184)	$	3,214	$	(37,970)	$	(39,120)	$	(634)	$	(39,754)
Net loss	(41,184)		3,214		(37,970)		(39,147)		(634)		(39,781)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(27,863)		(846)		(28,709)		(22,564)		217		(22,347)
Other non-current assets	(4,714)		(2,368)		(7,082)		(10,298)		417		(9,881)

For all periods in which the Company corrected net loss, the Company made corresponding corrections to net loss and comprehensive loss in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss and to net loss, accumulated deficit and total stockholders’ (deficit) equity in the consolidated statements of stockholders’ (deficit) equity. In addition, a summary of the effect of the correction to the cumulative effect of adoption of ASC 606 presented within the consolidated statements of stockholders’ (deficit) equity is as follows (in thousands):


	Year Ended January 31, 2020
	As reported		Correction		As Adjusted
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASC 606	$	23,340	$	8,540	$	31,880

Use of Estimates

Use of EstimatesThe preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Significant estimates and assumptions made in the accompanying consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, revenue recognition, common stock valuations and stock-based compensation expense, software costs eligible for capitalization, income taxes, recoverability of long-lived and intangible assets and the allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and on assumptions that it believes are reasonable and adjusts those estimates and assumptions when facts and circumstances dictate. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates and assumptions.

Segments

The Company operates in one operating segment because the Company's offerings operate on its single Customer Experience Management Platform, the Company's products are deployed in a similar way, and the Company’s chief operating decision maker evaluates the Company’s financial information and assesses the performance of the Company on a consolidated basis. Because the Company operates in one operating segment, all required financial segment information can be found in the consolidated financial statements.

Foreign Currency

Foreign CurrencyThe functional currency of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries is generally their respective local currency. Assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet dates, with the resulting translation adjustments recorded to a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive loss. Income and expense accounts are translated at average exchange rates during the year. Foreign currency remeasurement and transaction gains and losses are recorded in other income, net, in the consolidated statements of operations

Cash Equivalents

Cash EquivalentsThe Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with a remaining maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Marketable Securities

The Company's marketable securities consist of U.S. Treasury securities, corporate bonds, money market funds, agency securities, commercial paper, certificates of deposit, and time deposits with maturity dates of more than three months from the date of purchase. The Company determined the appropriate classification of marketable securities at the time of purchase and reevaluate such designation at each balance sheet date. The Company classified and accounted for its marketable securities as available-for-sale securities as the Company may sell these securities at any time for use in the current operation or for other purposes, even prior to maturity. As a result, the Company classified marketable securities as current assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

All marketable securities are recorded at their estimated fair values. Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted over the life of the related available-for-sale security as an adjustment to yield. Interest income is recognized when earned. Unrealized gains and losses on these marketable securities are reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive loss on the consolidated balance sheets until realized. Realized gains and losses are determined based on the specific identification method and are reported in other expense, net in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company periodically evaluates its marketable to assess whether those with unrealized loss positions are other than temporarily impaired. The Company considers various factors in determining whether to recognize an impairment charge. If the Company determines that the decline in an investment's fair value is other-than-temporary, the difference is recognized as an impairment loss in the consolidated statements of operations.

Fair Value Measurement

Fair Values Measurement

The Company considers the carrying amounts of financial instruments, including cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses to approximate their fair values because of their relatively short maturities.

The Company measures certain financial assets at fair value based upon the exit price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants, as determined by either the principal market or the most advantageous market. Inputs used in the valuation techniques to derive fair values are classified based on a three-level hierarchy, as follows:

•Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•Level 2 — Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

•Level 3 — Unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of fair value of assets or liabilities.

The Company evaluates these inputs and recognizes transfers between levels, if any, at the balance sheet date. The Company has not elected the fair value measurement option for assets not required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

The Company classifies its highly liquid money market funds within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy because they are valued based on quoted market prices in active markets. The Company classifies its commercial paper, corporate debt securities, U.S. government agencies, certificates of deposit, and U.S. government treasury securities within Level 2 because they are valued using inputs other than quoted prices that are directly or indirectly observable in the market, including readily available pricing sources for the identical underlying security which may not be actively traded.

The Company’s primary objective when investing excess cash is preservation of capital, hence the Company’s marketable securities consist primarily of U.S. Treasury securities, high credit quality corporate debt securities and commercial paper. The Company has classified and accounted for its marketable securities as available-for-sale securities as it may sell these securities at any time for use in the Company’s current operations or for other purposes, even prior to maturity. As of January 31, 2022 and 2021, for fixed income securities that were in unrealized loss positions, the Company has determined that (i) it does not have the intent to sell any of these investments and (ii) it is not more likely than not that it will be required to sell any of these investments before recovery of the entire amortized cost basis. In addition, as of January 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company anticipates that it will recover the entire amortized cost basis of such fixed income securities before maturity.

The Company regularly reviews the changes to the rating of its debt securities by rating agencies as well as reasonably monitors the surrounding economic conditions to assess the risk of expected credit losses. As of January 31, 2022 and 2021, there were no securities that were in an unrealized loss position for more than 12 months. The Company has not recorded any impairments, as it believes that any such losses would be immaterial based on the high-grade credit rating for each of its marketable securities as of the end of each period.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Accounts receivable are recorded at invoiced amounts, net of allowance for doubtful accounts, if applicable, and are unsecured and do not bear interest.

The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on the probability of future collection. When management becomes aware of circumstances that may decrease the likelihood of collection, it records a specific allowance against amounts due, which reduces the receivable to an amount that management reasonably believes will be collected. For all other customers, management determines the adequacy of the allowance based on historical loss patterns, the number of days that billings are past due and an evaluation of the potential risk of loss associated with specific accounts. The Company reviews its allowance for doubtful accounts regularly and writes off receivable balances that are deemed to be uncollectible. Changes in the allowance are recorded in sales and marketing expense in the period incurred. The Company does not have any off balance sheet credit exposure related to its customers.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment, including leasehold improvements, are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation of property and equipment is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the asset, which is generally two to three years. Amortization of leasehold improvements is computed using a straight-line method over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life of the improvement. Depreciation and amortization begins when the asset is ready for its intended use. The cost of maintenance and repairs that do not improve or extend the lives of the respective assets is expensed as incurred.

The Company capitalizes qualifying internally developed software costs incurred in connection with the Company's internal-use software platform. These capitalized costs are related to the cloud-based software platform that the Company hosts, which is accessed by its clients on a subscription basis. Costs are capitalized during the application development stage, provided that management with the relevant authority authorizes and commits to the funding of the software project, it is probable the project will be completed, the software will be used to perform the functions intended and certain functional and quality standards have been met. Capitalized internal-use software costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful life, which is generally three years. Costs incurred for specific upgrades and enhancements when it is probable the expenditures will result in additional functionality are capitalized and amortized over the estimated useful life of the enhancements. Costs related to preliminary project activities and post-implementation operations activities, including training and maintenance, are expensed as incurred.

Business Combinations

Business CombinationsWhen the Company acquires businesses, it allocates the purchase price to tangible assets, liabilities and identifiable intangible assets acquired with any residual purchase price recorded as goodwill. The allocation of the purchase price requires management to make significant estimates in determining the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, particularly with respect to intangible assets at the acquisition date, deferred revenue and contingent consideration, where applicable. These estimates can include, but are not limited to, historical experience and information obtained from the management of the acquired companies, the cash flows that an asset is expected to generate in the future, the weighted average cost of capital and the cost savings expected to be derived from acquiring an asset. These estimates are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and unanticipated events and circumstances may occur which could affect the accuracy or validity of such estimates.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired in connection with business combinations accounted for using the purchase method of accounting. Goodwill is not amortized, but rather is tested for impairment annually and more frequently upon the occurrence of certain events. The Company performs its annual impairment test of goodwill in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, using November 1 carrying values, or whenever events or circumstances indicate that goodwill may not be recoverable. Triggering events that may indicate impairment include, but are not limited to, a significant adverse change in customer demand or business climate or a significant decrease in expected cash flows.

In performing its impairment test, the Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value. In performing the qualitative assessment, the Company reviews factors such as financial performance, macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations. If the Company elects this option and believes, as a result of the qualitative assessment, that it is more-likely-than-not that the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds the fair value, the quantitative impairment test is required; otherwise, no further testing is required.

Alternatively, the Company may elect to bypass the qualitative assessment and perform the quantitative impairment test instead, or if the Company reasonably determines that it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value is less than the carrying value, the Company performs its annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit with the carrying amount. The Company will recognize an impairment for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company continually monitors events and changes in circumstances that could indicate that the carrying amounts of its long-lived assets, including property, equipment, capitalized internal-use software and other assets, including identifiable definite-lived intangible assets, may not be recoverable. When such events or changes in circumstances occur, the Company assesses the recoverability of long-lived assets by determining whether the carrying value of such assets will be recovered through their undiscounted expected future cash flow. If the future undiscounted cash flow is less than the carrying amount of these assets, the Company recognizes an impairment loss based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the assets. If the useful life is shorter than originally estimated, the Company amortizes the remaining carrying value over the new shorter life.

Concentration of Risk and Significant Customers

The Company has no significant off-balance sheet risks related to foreign currency exchange contracts, option contracts or other foreign currency hedging arrangements. The Company’s financial instruments that are potentially subject to credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. Although the Company deposits its cash with multiple financial institutions, its deposits generally exceed federally insured limits. The Company’s accounts receivable are derived from invoiced customers located primarily in North America and Europe.

No single customer accounted for more than 10% of total revenue in the years ended January 31, 2022, 2021 or 2020. In addition, no single customer accounted for more than 10% of total accounts receivable as of January 31, 2022 or 2021.

In addition, the Company relies upon third-party hosted infrastructure partners globally, including Amazon Web Services, to serve customers and operate certain aspects of our services, such as environments for development testing, training, sales demonstrations, and production usage. Given this, any disruption of or interference at the Company's hosted infrastructure partners would impact the Company's operations and its business could be adversely impacted.

Revenue Recognition and Cost of Revenue

Revenue Recognition

The Company accounts for revenue in accordance with ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606). For further discussion of the Company’s accounting policies related to revenue see Note 3, Revenue Recognition.

Costs of Revenue

Costs of subscription revenue and professional services revenue is expensed as incurred.

Costs of subscription revenue consists primarily of expenses related to hosting the Company’s software platform, including data center operations costs and personnel and related expenses directly associated with delivering the Company’s cloud infrastructure, the costs associated with purchasing third-party data that is utilized in providing elements of the platform and costs to provide platform support to the Company’s customers, including personnel and related expenses. These costs include salaries, benefits, bonuses, stock-based compensation, as well as allocated overhead.

Costs of professional services consists primarily of personnel and related expenses directly associated with the Company’s professional services organization. These costs include salaries, benefits, bonuses, stock-based compensation, as well as allocated overhead, together with the costs of subcontracted third-party professional services vendors.

Overhead associated with facilities and depreciation is allocated to cost of revenue based on relative headcount in those departments.

The Company derives its revenues primarily from two sources:

•Subscription revenue consists of subscription fees from customers accessing the Company’s cloud-based software platform and applications, as well as related customer support services; and

•Professional services revenue consists of fees associated with providing services that educate and assist the Company’s customers with the configuration and optimization of the Company’s software platform and applications. Professional services revenue also includes managed services fees where the Company’s consultants work as part of its customers’ teams to help leverage the subscription service to execute on their customer experience management goals.

The Company recognizes revenue upon transfer of control of promised products and services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those products or services.

The Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps:

•Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer

•Identification of the performance obligations in the contract

•Determination of the transaction price

•Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract

•Recognition of revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied

Subscription revenue is recognized ratably over the contract term beginning on the commencement date of each contract, which is the date the Company’s service is made available to customers. Subscription revenue includes customer support services, which together with the accessing of the Company’s cloud-based software platform, generally constitute a single performance obligation comprised of a series of distinct services that are substantially the same and have the same pattern of revenue recognition.

Amounts that have been invoiced because they have the unconditional right to consideration are recorded in accounts receivable and in deferred revenue or revenue, depending on whether the revenue recognition criteria have been met, with the majority

being invoiced annually in advance of performance obligations. When determining the transaction price of a contract, an adjustment is made if payment from the customer occurs either significantly before or significantly after performance, resulting in a significant financing component. Applying the practical expedient in Topic 606, the Company does not assess whether a significant financing component exists if the period between when the Company performs its obligations under the contract and when the customer pays is one year or less. One of the Company’s contracts contained a significant financing component as of January 31, 2022 as a result of an advance payment from a large customer for a multi-year contract in the prior fiscal year. None of the Company’s other contracts contained a significant financing component at January 31, 2022.

Professional services revenues are recognized as the services are rendered for time and materials contracts or on a proportional performance basis for fixed price contracts. The majority of the Company’s professional services arrangements are fixed price contracts.

The Company enters into arrangements where it provides managed services associated with assisting its customers in publishing advertisements on social media channels. As part of those arrangements the Company is occasionally required to purchase advertising space from social media channels on behalf of its customers and invoice those costs back to its customer. Revenue from such arrangements is recognized on a net basis as the Company has determined that it is acting as an agent in these transactions.

Some of the Company’s product offerings include service-level agreements warranting defined levels of uptime reliability and performance and permitting those customers to receive credits for future services in the event that it fails to meet those levels. To date, the Company has not accrued for any significant liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements as a result of these service-level agreements.

For contracts that are modified for changes in contract specification and requirements, the Company analyzes the modification to determine the accounting treatment of the contract modification as a separate contract, prospectively or through a cumulative catch-up adjustment.

Taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction, that are collected by the Company from a customer, are excluded from revenue.

Contracts with Multiple Performance Obligations

The Company executes arrangements that include multiple performance obligations (consisting of subscription and professional services). Additionally, the Company is often party to multiple concurrent contracts or contracts pursuant to which a client may purchase a combination of services. These situations require judgment to determine whether the multiple promises are separate performance obligations. Once the Company has determined the performance obligations, the Company determines the transaction price. The Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation on a relative standalone selling price (“SSP”) basis. The SSP is the price at which the Company would sell promised subscription or professional services separately to a customer. The determination of SSP for each distinct performance obligation requires judgement. The Company determines SSP based on its overall pricing objective, taking into consideration contractually stated prices, size of the arrangement, market conditions, costs, renewal contracts, list prices, internal discounting tables and other observable and unobservable inputs.

Costs to Obtain Customer Contracts

Sales commissions and related expenses are considered incremental and recoverable costs of acquiring customer contracts. These costs are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the anticipated period of benefit, which the Company has estimated to be three years. The Company determined the period of benefit by taking into consideration the length of its customer contracts, customer relationship period, technology lifecycle, and other factors. Sales commissions paid for renewals are not commensurate with commissions paid on the initial contract given the substantive difference in commission rates in proportion to their respective contract values. Amortization expense is recorded in sales and marketing expense within the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of operations.

Research and Development

Research and development expenses consist primarily of costs relating to the maintenance, continued development and enhancement of the Company’s cloud-based software platform and include personnel-related expenses for our research and development organization, professional fees, travel expenses and allocated overhead expenses, including facilities costs. Research and development expenses are expensed as incurred, except for internal-use software development costs that qualify for capitalization.

Advertising Costs

Advertising costsAdvertising costs include costs incurred to promote the Company’s subscription and professional services.

Warranties

The Company’s cloud-based software platform is generally warranted to perform materially in accordance with the Company’s online documentation and the terms of the agreement with a customer, under normal use and circumstances. Additionally, our contracts generally include provisions for indemnifying customers against liabilities if use of our software platform infringe a third party’s intellectual property rights, and we may also incur liabilities if we breach the security, privacy and/or confidentiality obligations in our contracts. To date, we have not incurred any material costs, and we have not accrued any liabilities in the accompanying consolidated financial statements as of January 31, 2022 or 2021, as a result of these obligations.

Certain of the Company’s arrangements may include certain service level agreements with its customers committing to certain levels of platform uptime and performance and permitting those customers to receive credits in the event that the Company fails to meet those levels. To date, the Company has not incurred or experienced any significant failures to meet defined levels of availability and performance of those agreements and, as a result, the Company has not accrued any liabilities related to such obligations in the accompanying consolidated financial statements as of January 31, 2022 or 2021.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation as an expense in the statements of operations based on the awards' grant date fair values.

The Company estimates the fair value of service-based options granted using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Stock options that include service, performance and market conditions are valued using the Monte-Carlo simulation model. The Black-Scholes option pricing model requires inputs based on certain assumptions, including (a) the fair value per share of the Company's common stock (b) the expected stock price volatility, (c) the calculation of expected term of the award, (d) the risk-free interest rate and (e) expected dividends. A Monte-Carlo simulation is an analytical method used to estimate value by performing a large number of simulations or trial runs and determining a value based on the possible outcomes from these trial runs.

The fair value of stock-based payments is recognized as compensation expense, net of expected forfeitures, over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period, with the exception of the fair value of stock-based payments for awards that include service, performance and market conditions which is recognized as compensation expense over the requisite service period as achievement of the performance objective becomes probable.

The Company issued certain performance stock units (“PSUs”), that vest upon the satisfaction of time-based service, performance-based and market conditions. The Company estimates compensation cost based on the grant date fair value and recognize the expense on a graded vesting basis over the vesting period of the award. As the PSUs are subject to a market condition (stock price), the grand date fair value is measured using a Monte Carlo simulation approach, which estimates the fair value of awards based on randomly generated simulated stock-price paths through a lattice-type structure. The performance-based vesting condition was satisfied upon the occurrence of a qualifying event, which was generally defined as a change in control transaction or the effective date of a registration statement of the Company filed under the Securities Act for the sale of the Company's common stock. Upon the effectiveness of the Registration Statement on June 22, 2021, the performance-based vesting condition was satisfied, and therefore, the Company commenced recognition of compensation expense using the accelerated attribution method over the requisite service period.

The Company estimates fair value of its restricted stock units (“RSU”) based on the fair value of the underlying common stock, net of estimated forfeitures. Subsequent to the IPO, the Company determines the fair value using the closing price of its Class A common stock as reported on the date of grant.

Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes is computed using the asset and liability method, under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities, and for operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the currently enacted tax rates that apply to taxable income in effect for the years in which those tax assets are expected to be realized or settled.

Management makes estimates, assumptions and judgements to determine the Company’s provision for or benefit from income taxes, deferred tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowances recorded against the Company’s deferred tax assets. The Company also assesses the likelihood that its deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and, to the extent that the Company believes that recovery is not more likely than not, the Company will establish a valuation allowance.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), and additional changes, modifications, clarifications or interpretations related to this guidance thereafter (“ASU 2016-02”). ASU 2016-02 requires a reporting entity to recognize right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for operating leases to increase transparency and comparability. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within that fiscal year. The Company adopted this standard on February 1, 2022. Upon adoption, the Company elected the package of transition practical expedients which allowed us to carry forward prior conclusions related to: (i) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases; (ii) the classification for any expired or existing leases; and (iii) initial direct costs for existing leases. Additionally, the Company elected the practical expedient of not separating lease components from non-lease components for all asset classes. The Company also made an accounting policy election to not record ROU assets or lease liabilities for leases with an initial term of 12 months or less and will recognize payments for such leases in our Consolidated statement of comprehensive income (loss) on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company recorded lease liabilities and corresponding ROU assets of approximately $14 million upon adoption of this standard.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, with subsequent amendments, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”). ASU 2016-13 requires immediate recognition of management’s estimates of current expected credit losses. ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2022, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adoption on the consolidated financial statements.

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, Debt-Debt with Conversion Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40) (ASU No. 2020-06), which simplifies the accounting for certain financial instruments with characteristics of liabilities and equity, including convertible instruments and contracts on an entity's own equity. ASU 2020-06 also improves and amends the related Earnings Per Share guidance for both Subtopics 470-20 and 815-40. ASU No. 2020-06 will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2021. The Company does not anticipate an impact to the consolidated financial statements as a result of the adoption.